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All-Union Сensus of 1937 and 1939 in Stavropol Region: the Problem of Degree Reliable Results ..........
Purpose: First of all, census materials allow to restore the demographic picture of the specifi ed period, as well as to determine the degree of infl uence of domestic policy in the 30-ies. in the population as a whole and its individual regions.The main purpose of this study is to provide a description of the main demographic processes and trends in the Stavropol region in the late 30’s of the 20th century, based on the analysis of the data of All-Union census of 1937 and 1939 years. It is also important to determine the degree of reliability of census materials in relation to the objective display specifi cs of the demographic development of the province’s population in the context of national trends.
Methods: When writing of this study were used methods of historical analysis, synthesis, ideographic method, as well as the fundamental principle of historicism.
Results: Archival materials eloquently about the demographic catastrophe in the Stavropol region in the 30s. In particular, the birth rate in 1938 compared to 1937 decreased by 6.8 %. Characteristic were to Satvropol region and urbanization processes. In study period signifi cantly increased the share of the urban population and the share of agriculture has declined. In 1937, the Stavropol Territory, excluding the population of the Karachai and Cherkess Autonomous Regions, the townspeople made 157.74 % compared to the urban population in 1926. As a result of the All-Union census of 1937 and 1939 years Satvropol region is mainly an agricultural area with unfavorable indicators of natural movement of population.
Discussion: In the scientifi c literature, the census in 1937 is often called the “repressed” the census, since most of its materials were destroyed and statistics, directed the collection and analysis of data – repressed. This occurred because of the mismatch forecasts census declared at the highest level, and its actual performance. All-Union census of 1939 in the historical literature as “fraudulent”. Discovered by researchers Registry and amendments are proof of this assessment of the document. In order to reliably illuminate the picture of demographic processes on the eve of World War II, censuses of population in 1937 and 1939 and should be read in conjunction and certainly complement the regional archives materials. So the analysis of regional archival materials, it was concluded that the fact of registration of the population of the Stavropol Territory in the All-Union census of 1939.
Methods: When writing of this study were used methods of historical analysis, synthesis, ideographic method, as well as the fundamental principle of historicism.
Results: Archival materials eloquently about the demographic catastrophe in the Stavropol region in the 30s. In particular, the birth rate in 1938 compared to 1937 decreased by 6.8 %. Characteristic were to Satvropol region and urbanization processes. In study period signifi cantly increased the share of the urban population and the share of agriculture has declined. In 1937, the Stavropol Territory, excluding the population of the Karachai and Cherkess Autonomous Regions, the townspeople made 157.74 % compared to the urban population in 1926. As a result of the All-Union census of 1937 and 1939 years Satvropol region is mainly an agricultural area with unfavorable indicators of natural movement of population.
Discussion: In the scientifi c literature, the census in 1937 is often called the “repressed” the census, since most of its materials were destroyed and statistics, directed the collection and analysis of data – repressed. This occurred because of the mismatch forecasts census declared at the highest level, and its actual performance. All-Union census of 1939 in the historical literature as “fraudulent”. Discovered by researchers Registry and amendments are proof of this assessment of the document. In order to reliably illuminate the picture of demographic processes on the eve of World War II, censuses of population in 1937 and 1939 and should be read in conjunction and certainly complement the regional archives materials. So the analysis of regional archival materials, it was concluded that the fact of registration of the population of the Stavropol Territory in the All-Union census of 1939.
census of 1937, census of 1939, “repressed census” spetsperepis NKVD household books, krayzdravotdel, kraynarhozuchёt, Stavropol Territory