Popular Names of Diseases in the Russian and Adyghe Languages Contrastive-Comparative Aspect

The article is devoted to the nomination of popular names of diseases in the Russian and Adyghe languages, which characterize the ingenuous picture of the human commonplace sense. Both unifying and distinguishing ethnolinguistic preferences, forming the ethnocultural specificity of the modern language view, were studied.
The method of linear comparative analysis, applied to the lexical and semantic field of popular medicine nominations, shows that dialect, colloquial non-terminological word usage, opposed to medical terms is specific to the Russian language. In the Adyghe language the medical vocabulary, what is very important, is interstyle, and the microgroup of Adyghe names of diseases, thus, has a common, non-terminological character.
The lexemes disease and uzy (Adyg.) were studied in etymological, word-formation and cultural aspects. The use of elements of sememic analysis allowed us to identify differential indicators of the general and particular character.
Comparative analysis of Russian and Adyghe popular names of diseases has revealed, mainly, the relevance of correlative semes. National specificity most clearly manifests itself in the variety and variability of naming of the same names of diseases in Russian subdialects and dialects, indicating the richness and breadth of people's understanding of the world. The Adyghe language picture shows that the popular names of diseases in the Adyghe language reflect the cult of a healthy body, the desire of a people for physical perfection and observation basic hygiene. The author concludes the absence, or rather, tabooing of precise terminological
nominations of painful conditions, the presence of a set of attributive non-terminological combinations with denotative meaning.