The Philosophy of the Body: the Opposite of the Orthodox and Transhumanistic Concepts

The philosophy of human corporeality is considered in the article in the context of competition in the modern discourse of alternative concepts of human nature, Orthodoxy and transhumanism. Based on the tradition of Russian philosophical hermeneutics of the Orthodox Christian concept of human corporeality and its status in human nature, presented by V.S. Solovyov, S.L. Frankom, V.V. Zenkovsky and other thinkers, the author clarifies the main provisions of the Orthodox philosophy of the body. According to this philosophy, human corporeality is considered as an important part of the integral, God-like nature of man, as a means of saving
the soul through the acquisition of harmonious unity of the three parts of human nature: spirit, soul and body.
The transhumanist concept of the transition from a traditional biological person to a cyborg transhuman, and then to a posthuman with a completely artifi cial body, is subject to critical analysis. The uncertainty and utopianism of the image of the posthuman in transhumanism and the anti-humanistic essence of the ideology and philosophy of transhumanism, focused not only on the devaluation of human physicality, but also on the actual destruction of traditional biological man, are emphasized. The author notes the potential danger of using modern scientific and technological achievements to transform human physical corporeality in the spirit of transhumanist ideology and the need to actualize the humanistic potential of Christianity in opposition to the inhumane ideology and practice of transhumanism.