p.
122

The Evolution of the Grammatical System of the Kabardino-Circassian Language: an Analytical Review


(Federal State Budgetary Scientifi c Establishment “Federal Scientific Center “Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” )

(Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov)

Grammar is a description of the grammatical and sound structure of a language. It is the basis for proper language communication. The history of the development of the grammar of the Kabardino-Circassian language can be divided into several stages, each of which refl ects the state of linguistic thought of that period.
The first stage is characterized by the lack of writing in the Kabardino-Circassian language. During this era, Shora Nogmov created the first grammatical essay of the Kabardino-Circassian language, and the famous Caucasian scholar L.G. Lopatinsky published a "Brief Kabardian Grammar" in 1890. The second stage covers 20–90 years. The twentieth century, when writing was created and the scientifi c study of the Kabardino-Circassian language began. It was during this period that several fundamental grammars of the Kabardino-Circassian language appeared, which laid the foundation for the literary Kabardino-Circassian language. At the present stage, Kabardino-Circassian grammar continues to develop and adapt to modern needs.
The main purpose of this work is to review the existing grammars of the Kabardino–Circassian language, to identify their main advantages and disadvantages. To achieve this goal, theoretical material on this problem was studied and practical material was analyzed. The paper uses descriptive and comparative historical research methods.
The study found that Kabardino-Circassian grammar has come a long and difficult way. The foundations of KabardinoCircassian grammar were laid after the establishment of Soviet power, when the national script was created and the scientifi c study of the Kabardino-Circassian language began. It should be noted that Russian linguists played an important role in this process. In the late 60s and early 70s of the twentieth century, two collective descriptive grammars appeared, where a serious attempt was made to revise many grammatical phenomena of the Kabardino-Circassian language. In the modern Kabardino-Circassian grammar of 2006, new phenomena of grammar are described, a number of its components are revised with the use of rich linguistic material, methods of analyzing the language system are improved, etc. By its nature, this publication is a synchronous information description of the language structure. It is concluded that for the first time in the history of Adyghe linguistics, a new edition has appeared, covering all the main divisions of the Kabardino-Circassian language.
Kabardino-Circassian language, grammar, phonetics, morphology, syntax

Full text of any article (in Russian) you can find
in the printed version of the journal or on RSCI website.