Makam of Philosophical Development of the "Meaning of Life"

The article actualizes the eternal theme of philosophy about the meaning of human life. The author chose an original methodology for researching the creativity of seven dozen thinkers who directly or indirectly considered this issue. He departs from the unity of the historical and logical approaches, traditional formational and civilizational methodologies, national or religious classifications in the philosophical interpretation of the meaning of life. The methodological model for this study was the mystical path of its adherents, developed in Sufi sm, to achieve ever higher levels of the spiritual state on the basis of intellectual and mental activity.
At the same time, several steps are gradually achieved and overcome, called "makam", through which, by self-improvement, the Sufi strives to the state of "khal" as a focus, a point of merging of the intellectual and emotional, mind and heart.
The author characterizes fi ve makams of philosophy of the meaning of life. The first makam substantially coincides with the cognitive activity of a person and his comprehension of the truth, the second - a qualitative feature is given by religious faith.
The third makam of the philosophy of the meaning of life is realized in existentialist ontology and epistemology based on the borderline states of both human being and consciousness and cognition. At the fourth makam, the tension of philosophy is focused on the individual acting and realizing himself in creative self-improvement, in accordance with the vector of history. And the final
conclusion of the article formulates the fi fth makam of the philosophy of the meaning of life, consisting in radical methodological approaches of deconstruction, signifi cantly increasing the variability of lifestyles that are tolerant to each other.